Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors that develop from the paraganglia of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. They are benign in approximately 80% of cases and are usually localized. However, in rare situations, they can be malignant, which is defined by the presence of tumor cells in nearby tissues or at a distance (metastases). Most parasymphathetic paragangliomas are located in the skull base and along the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves...

Introduction: Paraneoplastic Cushing’s syndrome is a rare manifestation caused by the ectopic secretion of ACTH. The tumors involved are almost always malignant, with bronchopulmonary being the most frequent, followed by pancreatic and, more rarely, thymic. Thymic carcinoid tumors are very rare neuroendocrine tumors that often complicate endocrine disorders; they are generally more aggressive and difficult to treat, and typical carcinoid tumors in the thymus normally have...

Introduction: Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, approved for the treatment of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of a particular interest in the significant improvement of glycaemic, systolic blood pressure and lipid control with their impact on weight, making it possible to avoid this infernal spiral of weight gain-increased insulin resistance.Observation: 55-year-old female patient, known diabetic for 10 years...

There is evidence that vitamin D has a variety of effects on immune system function, which may enhance innate immunity and inhibit the development of autoimmunity. It suppresses T-cell proliferation, and inhibits secretion of pro-inflammatory Th1- and Th2-related Cytokines. In Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO), a diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes is seen in the orbital adipose tissues and extracellular muscles. Th1 and 2 appear to play a role GO.Aim: To...

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism (HPTH) is an uncommon condition resulting in the production of insufficient amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands consequently affecting the calcium phosphate balance. The most frequent etiology of HPTH is the damage to or removal of the parathyroid glands due to a surgery for another condition. Other causes, including autoimmunity and genetic disorders may be responsible for HPTH. Our aim is to compare the different cl...

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes in the world population is increasing day by day so that its frequency reaches epidemic proportions. As a result, the complications of diabetes are becoming more and more frequent. Diabetic neuropathy, the most common complication which affect up to half of the patients.Purpose of the study: To establish the prevalence of distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN) in diabetic patients and demonstrate the importance ...

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is an inherited syndrome characterized by the characteristic combination of medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma and primary hyperparathyroidism. We report one case with phenotype-genotype mismatch.Observation: Patient A. T is 45 years of age with a family history of thyroid bone marrow cancer (CMT) and sister brain cancer, father colon cancer, with no personal history of disease. A 60 mm long-axis ...

Introduction: Increased visceral adiposity is usually associated with a clustering of atherogenic risk factors, such as insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, alterations in coagulation and inflammatory cytokine profiles. Visceral adipose tissue derived serpin (Vaspin) is an adipokine with insulin sensitizing effect which is markedly elevated in high body mass index (BMI) people.Aim: To evaluate serum Vaspin level in relation to atherogenic risk...

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency seems to be more prevalent among diabetic patients with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy. Besides, those patients have a lower pain threshold; there is a shortage of data concerning pre-diabetic individuals with peripheral neuropathy (PN).AimFirst, to study the association of vitamin D deficiency with PN severity. Second, to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on ...

Background: Non-functioning pituitary tumours can be associated with a modestly elevated prolactin. Response to dopamine agonist therapy in such cases is unusual. Large macroprolactinomas are associated with much higher prolactin levels and respond well to dopamine agonists.Case: We report a 41-year-old man with a pituitary macroadenoma associated with an elevated prolactin of around 2000mIU/l who developed marked resolution in his pituitary MRI images r...